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FR Doc 2010-30884[Federal Register: December 9, 2010 (Volume 75, Number 236)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Page 76666-76677]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr09de10-21]
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COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION
17 CFR Part 23
RIN 3038-AC96
Reporting, Recordkeeping, and Daily Trading Records Requirements
for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants
AGENCY: Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.
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SUMMARY: The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission or CFTC)
is proposing regulations to implement new statutory provisions
established under Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and
Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act). Section 731 of the Dodd-Frank
Act added new sections 4s(f) and (g) to the Commodity Exchange Act
(CEA), which set forth reporting and recordkeeping requirements and
daily trading records requirements for swap dealers and major swap
participants. The proposed rules would establish the regulatory
standards for compliance with these new sections of the CEA.
DATES: Submit comments on or before February 7, 2011.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by RIN number 3038-AC96
and Reporting, Recordkeeping, and Daily Trading Records Requirements
for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants, by any of the following
methods:
Agency Web site, via its Comments Online process: http://
comments.cftc.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments
through the Web site.
Mail: David A. Stawick, Secretary of the Commission,
Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Three Lafayette Centre, 1155 21st
Street, NW., Washington, DC 20581.
Hand Delivery/Courier: Same as mail above.
[[Page 76667]]
Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
Please submit your comments using only one method.
All comments must be submitted in English, or if not, accompanied
by an English translation. Comments will be posted as received to
http://www.cftc.gov. You should submit only information that you wish
to make available publicly. If you wish the Commission to consider
information that may be exempt from disclosure under the Freedom of
Information Act, a petition for confidential treatment of the exempt
information may be submitted according to the established procedures in
Sec. 145.9 of the Commissions regulations, 17 CFR 145.9.
The Commission reserves the right, but shall have no obligation, to
review, pre-screen, filter, redact, refuse or remove any or all of your
submission from http://www.cftc.gov that it may deem to be
inappropriate for publication, such as obscene language. All
submissions that have been redacted or removed that contain comments on
the merits of the rulemaking will be retained in the public comment
file and will be considered as required under the Administrative
Procedure Act and other applicable laws, and may be accessible under
the Freedom of Information Act.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sarah E. Josephson, Associate
Director, 202-418-5684, [email protected]; Frank N. Fisanich, Special
Counsel, 202-418-5949, [email protected]; or Christopher Hower,
Attorney Advisor, 202-418-6703, [email protected]; Division of Clearing
and Intermediary Oversight, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Three
Lafayette Centre, 1155 21st Street, NW., Washington, DC 20581.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
On July 21, 2010, President Obama signed the Dodd-Frank Act.1
Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act 2 amended the Commodity Exchange Act
(CEA) 3 to establish a comprehensive regulatory framework to reduce
risk, increase transparency, and promote market integrity within the
financial system by, among other things: (1) Providing for the
registration and comprehensive regulation of swap dealers and major
swap participants; (2) imposing clearing and trade execution
requirements on standardized derivative products; (3) creating rigorous
recordkeeping and real-time reporting regimes; and (4) enhancing the
Commission’s rulemaking and enforcement authorities with respect to all
registered entities and intermediaries subject to the Commission’s
oversight.
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1 See Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection
Act, Public Law 111-203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010). The text of the
Dodd-Frank Act may be accessed at http://www.cftc.gov/LawRegulation/
OTCDERIVATIVES/index.htm.
2 Pursuant to Section 701 of the Dodd-Frank Act, Title VII may
be cited as the “Wall Street Transparency and Accountability Act of
2010.”
3 7 U.S.C. 1 et seq.
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Section 731 of the Dodd-Frank Act amends the CEA by adding a new
Section 4s, which sets forth a number of requirements for swap dealers
and major swap participants. Specifically, sections 4s(f) and 4s(g) of
the CEA establish reporting and recordkeeping requirements and daily
trading records requirements for swap dealers and major swap
participants.
Section 4s(f)(1) requires swap dealers and major swap participants
to “make such reports as are required by the Commission by rule or
regulation regarding the transactions and positions and financial
condition of the registered swap dealer or major swap participant.”
4 Under sections 4s(f)(1)(B)(i) and (ii), the Commission is
authorized to prescribe the books and records requirements of “all
activities related to the business of swap dealers or major swap
participants,” regardless of whether or not the entity has a
prudential regulator. All books and records shall be open to inspection
and examination by any representative of the Commission, and under
section 4s(f)(1)(D), books and records relating to security-based swap
agreements also must be open to inspection and examination by the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
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4 Recordkeeping related to the swap dealer’s or major swap
participant’s financial condition reports will be prescribed in
separate rulemaking proposals and are not included in the proposed
rules below.
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Section 4s(g)(1) requires that swap dealers and major swap
participants “maintain daily trading records of the swaps of the
registered swap dealer and major swap participant and all related
records (including related cash and forward transactions) and recorded
communications, including electronic mail, instant messages, and
recordings of telephone calls.” Section 4s(g)(3) requires that daily
trading records for each swap transaction be identifiable by
counterparty, and section 4s(g)(4) specifies that swap dealers and
major swap participants maintain a “complete audit trail for
conducting comprehensive and accurate trade reconstructions.”
The Commission would adopt the regulations discussed below pursuant
to authority granted under sections 4s(h)(1)(D), 4s(h)(3)(D), 4s(f),
4s(g), and 8a(5) of the CEA.5 The Dodd-Frank Act requires the
Commission to promulgate these provisions by July 15, 2011.
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5 Section 8a(5) of the CEA authorizes the Commission to
promulgate such regulations as, in the judgment of the Commission,
are reasonably necessary to effectuate any of the provisions or to
accomplish any of the purposes of the CEA.
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The proposed regulations reflect consultation with staff of the
following agencies: (i) The Securities and Exchange Commission; (ii)
the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; (iii) the Office
of the Comptroller of the Currency; and (iv) the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation. Staff from each of these agencies has had the
opportunity to provide oral and/or written comments to the proposal,
and the proposed regulations incorporate elements of the comments
provided.
The Commission requests comment on all aspects of the proposed
regulations, as well as comment on the specific provisions and issues
highlighted in the discussion below. The Commission further requests
comment on an appropriate effective date for final regulations,
including comment on whether it would be appropriate to have staggered
or delayed effective dates for some regulations based on the nature or
characteristics of the activities or entities to which they apply.
Moreover, the Commission recognizes that there will be differences in
the size and scope of the business of particular swap dealers and major
swap participants. Therefore, comments are solicited on whether certain
provisions of the proposed regulations should be modified or adjusted
to reflect the differences among swap dealers and major swap
participants.
II. Proposed Regulations
A. General Records Requirements
Section 4s(f)(1)(B) of the CEA requires registered swap dealers and
major swap participants to keep records of all activities related to
their business. Section 4s(f)(2) directs the Commission to adopt rules
governing recordkeeping for swap dealers and major swap participants.
Proposed Sec. 23.201 sets forth the records swap dealers and major
swap participants must maintain. The records required under the
proposed rule would include full and complete swap transaction
information, including all documents on which swap information is
originally recorded. Under proposed Sec. 23.201(a)(1), such records
would be required to be maintained in a manner
[[Page 76668]]
that is identifiable and searchable by transaction and by counterparty.
The rule would require retention of all documents customarily generated
in accordance with market practice that demonstrate the existence and
nature of the transaction.
Proposed Sec. 23.201(a)(2) would require retention of records of
each position held by the swap dealer or major swap participant,
identified by product and counterparty. Position records would be
required to be linked to transaction records in a manner that permitted
identification of the transaction that established the position.
Position information would be retained in accordance with Commission
regulations under part 45, which provides for unique product
identifiers and unique counterparty identifiers.
Proposed Sec. 23.201(a)(3) would require swap dealers and major
swap participants to maintain records for transactions executed on a
swap execution facility (SEF) or designated contract market (DCM) or
cleared by a derivatives clearing organization (DCO). It should be
noted, that for transactions that are executed on a SEF or DCM, or
cleared on a DCO, many of the requirements of the daily trading record
rule, described below, would be easily achieved through procedures
established by the SEF, DCM, or DCO (e.g., confirming the transaction,
valuing the transaction, or margining the position).
Proposed Sec. 23.201(b) would require that swap dealers and major
swap participants keep basic business records, including, among other
things, minutes from meetings of the entity’s governing body,
organizational charts, and documentation of audits conducted.
Additionally, certain financial records,6 records of complaints 7
against personnel, and marketing materials would be required to be
kept. Under proposed Sec. 23.201(c), swap dealers and major swap
participants would be required to maintain records of information
required to be submitted to a swap data repository.
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6 Financial condition reporting, including reporting for
compliance with capital rules, will be proposed in a separate
rulemaking.
7 A complaint is defined in proposed rule 23.200 as any formal
or informal complaint, grievance, criticism, or concern communicated
to the swap dealer or major swap participant in any format relating
to, arising from, or in connection with, any trading conduct or
behavior or with the swap dealer or major swap participant’s
performance (or failure to perform) any of its regulatory
obligations, and includes any and all observations, comments,
remarks, interpretations, clarifications, notes, and examinations as
to such conduct or behavior communicated or documented by the
complainant, swap dealer, or major swap participant.
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Finally, under proposed Sec. 23.201(d) swap dealers and major swap
participants would be required to maintain records of information
required to be reported on a real-time public basis and records of
information relating to large notional swaps in accordance with
proposed part 43 and CEA section 2(a)(13).8 Specifically, with regard
to large notional swaps, swap dealers and major swap participants
should retain a record of the rationale for determining that the swap
is a large notional swap in accordance with new part 43 of the
Commission regulations. Additionally, for the purposes of real-time
reporting under part 43, if less specific information relating to a
required data field is reported to protect the identities of the
parties to a swap (e.g., underlying asset or tenor), a swap dealer or
major swap participant must retain a record of the rationale for why
reporting less specific information is necessary to protect the
anonymity of the parties to the swap.
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8 The proposed real-time reporting rules under part 43 are
available on the Commission’s Web site at http://www.cftc.gov.
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The Commission requests comment on all aspects of proposed Sec.
23.201. In particular, the Commission solicits comment on the following
questions:
Should the Commission provide greater specificity on the
requirement that transaction records be kept in a form and manner
identifiable and searchable by transaction and counterparty?
Are there additional types of records that should be
required to be kept by swap dealers and major swap participants? For
example, should drafts of documents be kept?
B. Daily Trading Records
Section 4s(g)(1) of the CEA requires that swap dealers and major
swap participants maintain daily trading records of their swaps and
“all related records (including related cash and forward
transactions).” This section also requires that swap dealers and major
swap participants maintain recorded communications, including
electronic mail, instant messages, and recordings of telephone calls.
Section 4s(g)(2) provides that the daily trading records shall include
such information as the Commission shall require by rule or regulation.
Section 4s(g)(3) requires that daily trading records for each swap
transaction be identifiable by counterparty, and section 4s(g)(4)
specifies that swap dealers and major swap participants maintain a
“complete audit trail for conducting comprehensive and accurate trade
reconstructions.”
Proposed Sec. 23.202 would prescribe daily trading record
requirements, which would include trade information related to pre-
execution, execution, and post-execution data. Proposed Sec. 23.202(a)
would require swap dealers and major swap participants to ensure (1)
that they preserve all information necessary to conduct a comprehensive
and accurate trade reconstruction for each swap, and (2) that they
maintain each transaction record as a separate electronic file
identifiable and searchable by transaction and counterparty.
Proposed Sec. 23.202(a)(1) would require registrants to keep pre-
execution trade information. This would include records of all oral and
written communications that lead to the execution of a swap, whether
communicated by telephone, voicemail, facsimile, instant messaging,
chat rooms, electronic mail, mobile device, or other digital or
electronic media. This rule would require swap dealers and major swap
participants to maintain recordings of telephone calls and other
communications created in the normal course of its business, but would
not establish an affirmative new requirement to create recordings of
all telephone conversations if the complete audit trail requirement can
be met through other means, such as electronic messaging or trading.
Significant technological advancements in recent years,
particularly with respect to the cost of capturing and retaining copies
of electronic material, including telephone communications, have made
the prospect of establishing recordkeeping requirements for digital and
electronic communications more economically feasible and systemically
prudent. Evidence of these trends was examined in March 2008 by the
United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority (“FSA”), which studied
the issue of mandating the recording and retention of voice
conversations and electronic communications.9 The FSA issued a Policy
Statement detailing its findings and ultimately implemented rules
relating to the recording and retention of such communications,
including a recent determination that all financial service firms will
be required to record any relevant communication by
[[Page 76669]]
employees on their work cell phones.10 Similar rules that mandate
recording of certain voice and/or telephone conversations have been
promulgated by the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission 11 and
by the Autorit[eacute] des March[eacute]s Financiers in France,12 and
have been recommended by the International Organization of Securities
Commissions (IOSCO).13
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9 Financial Services Authority, “Policy Statement: Telephone
Recording: recording of voice conversations and electronic
communications,” (March 2008).
10 Julia Werdigier, “Britain to Tape Traders’ Cell Phones to
Fight Fraud,” New York Times (Nov. 12, 2010).
11 Code of Conduct for Persons Licensed by or Registered with
the Securities and Futures Commission para. 3.9 (2010) (H.K.).
12 General Regulation of the Autorit[eacute] des
March[eacute]s Financiers art. 313-51 (2010) (Fr.).
13 Press Release, International Organization of Securities
Commissions, “IOSCO Publishes Recommendations to Enhance Commodity
Futures Markets Oversight,” (Mar. 5, 2009), http://www.iosco.org/
news/pdf/IOSCONEWS137.pdf. The IOSCO members on the committee
formulating the recommendations included Brazil, Canada (Ontario and
Quebec), Dubai, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Norway,
Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
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While technological advancements have made capturing and retaining
such material more economically feasible, modern technologies likewise
have altered the methods by which market participants conduct their
business, especially the means through which such persons communicate
solicitations, bids, offers, orders, instructions, trading, and prices.
On February 5, 2009, the Commission’s Division of Market Oversight
(DMO) issued an advisory, which made clear that the existing language
of Sec. 1.35 of the Commission’s regulations “appl[ies] to records
that are created or retained in an electronic format, including e-mail,
instant messages, and other forms of communication created or
transmitted electronically for all trading.” 14 The advisory, which
specifically addresses the Commission’s recordkeeping requirements as
applicable to futures commission merchants, introducing brokers, and
DCM members, states that “[t]he Commission’s recordkeeping
regulations, by their terms, do not distinguish between whatever medium
is used to record the information covered by the regulations, including
e-mails, instant messages, and any other form of communication created
or transmitted electronically.”
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14 A copy of the advisory, titled “Advisory for Futures
Commission Merchants, Introducing Brokers, and Members of a Contract
Market over Compliance with Recordkeeping Requirements,” is
available on the Commission’s Web site at http://www.cftc.gov.
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It is also noteworthy that the Commission’s enforcement success in
cases involving market manipulation and false reporting often has
correlated directly with the existence of high-quality recordings of
voice communications and of electronic communications between the
persons involved. Conversely, the Commission’s enforcement capabilities
have been limited in cases where such voice recordings and copies of
electronic communications were not available.
Accordingly, the Commission is proposing Sec. 23.202(a)(1), which
would require swap dealers and major swap participants to maintain
records of all communications provided or received concerning
information that leads to the execution of a swap, whether conveyed by
telephone, voicemail, facsimile, instant messaging, chat rooms,
electronic mail, mobile device, or other digital or electronic media.
As noted above, the proposed Sec. 23.202(a) would require that each
recorded communication be maintained as a separate electronic file
identifiable and searchable by transaction and counterparty.
The Commission solicits comments on the potential costs and effects
of requiring that all pre-execution communications be recorded.
Additionally, the Commission requests comment on whether it should
require a record of the source of quotations, including the source of
any input if the quotation is generated by a formula or model. Comments
also are requested regarding whether the retention period for pre-
execution communications should be shorter than the retention period
applicable to other business records.
Proposed Sec. 23.202(a)(2) would require the recording of
execution information, including all terms of each swap and the date
and time, to the nearest minute, that the swap was executed. Post-
execution data, such as records of all confirmations, reconciliations,
and margining of swaps would be required under proposed Sec.
23.202(a)(3). The collateralization of risk exposure resulting from the
business of the swap dealer or major swap participant would be recorded
under Sec. 23.202(a)(4).
Proposed Sec. 23.202(b) would require that swap dealers and major
swap participants retain information of cash or forward transactions
that are related to swaps as required by section 4s(g)(1). Proposed
Sec. 23.200 defines a related cash or forward transaction as “a
purchase or sale for immediate or deferred physical shipment or
delivery of an asset related to a swap where the swap and the related
cash or forward transaction are used to hedge, mitigate the risk of, or
offset one another.” The recordkeeping requirements for related cash
and forward transactions generally track the same requirements as
swaps. The Commission believes that requiring one approach to
recordkeeping will be simpler for swap dealers and major swap
participants to implement and will provide the Commission with
information necessary for its regulatory oversight.
The Commission requests comment on all aspects of proposed Sec.
23.202. With respect to records regarding related cash and forward
transactions, the Commission solicits comment upon whether the
Commission has provided sufficient clarity concerning what type of
information would be required to be retained. The Commission also
requests comment on whether it should require swap dealers and major
swap participants to keep records related to high frequency trading,
and what the nature of those records should be.
C. Retention and Inspection of Records
Proposed Sec. 23.203 prescribes the form and manner in which
records shall be retained, and prescribes the period of time for which
maintenance of records is required. Generally speaking, Sec. 23.203
corresponds to the recordkeeping requirements of Sec. 1.31 insofar as
records are required to be kept for a period of at least 5 years, and
shall be readily accessible for the first two years of that period.
Proposed Sec. 23.203(a) would require that records be kept at the
principal place of business of the swap dealer or major swap
participant. If the principal place of business is outside of the
United States, then the swap dealer or major swap participant must
provide the requested records at a place designated by a representative
of the Commission within 72 hours of receiving the request.
Proposed Sec. 23.203(b) would require that all records be
maintained in accordance with Sec. 1.31 of the Commission’s
regulations, except that records of, or related to, each swap
transaction be retained until the termination, maturity, expiration,
transfer, assignment, or novation of the swap, and for five years after
such time. In other words, the swap dealer or major swap participant
must maintain records for the life of the swap or the period in which
the entity holds the position on its books (whichever is shorter), plus
five additional years. Additionally, records of any swap data must be
maintained in accordance with requirements under part 45, which was
recently proposed by the Commission.15
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15 The proposed rules under part 45 are available on the
Commission’s Web site at http://www.cftc.gov.
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[[Page 76670]]
In addition to any other comments on retention and inspection
requirements, the Commission requests comment on the approach it has
proposed for the retention of swap data.
D. Reports to Swap Data Repositories and Real-time Public Reporting
Section 4(s)(f)(1)(A) of the CEA requires each registered swap
dealer and major swap participant to make such reports as are required
by the Commission by rule or regulation regarding the transactions and
positions and financial condition of the registered swap dealer or
major swap participant.
Proposed Sec. 23.204 implements the reporting requirements of
Commission rules to be prescribed under CEA section 4r(a) related to
reporting of swaps to a swap data repository. Proposed Sec. 23.205
implements the reporting requirements of Commission rules to be
prescribed under CEA section 2(a)(13) related to real-time public
reporting of swap transactions and pricing data.16 Each of the
reports required under the proposed rules would assist the Commission
to monitor the swap markets and the operations of swap dealers and
major swap participants and to enforce their compliance with the
Commission’s rules.
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16 In a recent release of proposed Part 43 and pursuant to CEA
section 2(a)(13)(A), reporting parties, for the purposes of real-
time public reporting, will be obligated to report certain data
fields relating to swaps “as soon as technologically practicable”
following the execution of a swap.
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III. Related Matters
A. Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) 17 requires that agencies
consider whether the rules they propose will have a significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The
Commission previously has established certain definitions of “small
entities” to be used in evaluating the impact of its regulations on
small entities in accordance with the RFA.18 The proposed rules would
affect swap dealers and major swap participants.
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17 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.
18 47 FR 18618, Apr. 30, 1982.
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Swap dealers and major swap participants are new categories of
registrants. Accordingly, the Commission has not previously addressed
the question of whether such persons are, in fact, small entities for
purposes of the RFA. The Commission previously has determined, however,
that futures commission merchants are not small entities for purposes
of the RFA.19 The Commission’s determination was based, in part, upon
the obligation of futures commission merchants to meet the minimum
financial requirements established by the Commission to enhance the
protection of customers’ segregated funds and protect the financial
condition of futures commission merchants generally.20 Like futures
commission merchants, swap dealers will be subject to minimum capital
and margin requirements and are expected to comprise the largest global
financial firms. In addition, the Commission is required to exempt from
swap dealer designation any entities that engage in a de minimis level
of swaps dealing in connection with transactions with or on behalf of
customers. The Commission anticipates that this exemption would exclude
small entities from registration. For essentially the same reasons that
futures commission merchants have previously been determined not to be
small entities and in light of the exemption from the definition of
swap dealer for those engaging in a de minimus level of swap dealing,
the Commission is hereby proposing that swap dealers not be considered
“small entities” for purposes of the RFA for this rulemaking.
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19 Id. at 18619.
20 Id.
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The Commission also has determined previously that large traders
are not “small entities” for RFA purposes.21 In that determination,
the Commission considered that a large trading position was indicative
of the size of the business. Major swap participants, by statutory
definition, maintain substantial positions in swaps or maintain
outstanding swap positions that create substantial counterparty
exposure that could have serious adverse effects on the financial
stability of the United States banking system or financial markets.
Accordingly, for purposes of the RFA for this rulemaking, the
Commission is hereby proposing that major swap participants not be
considered “small entities” for essentially the same reasons that
large traders have previously been determined not to be small entities.
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21 Id. at 18620.
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Moreover, the Commission is carrying out Congressional mandates by
proposing this regulation. Specifically, the Commission is proposing
these regulations to comply with the Dodd-Frank Act, the aim of which
is to reduce systemic risks presented by swap dealers and swap market
participants through comprehensive regulation. The Commission does not
believe that there are regulatory alternatives to those being proposed
that would be consistent with the statutory mandate. Accordingly, the
Chairman, on behalf of the Commission, hereby certifies pursuant to 5
U.S.C. 605(b) that the proposed rules will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
The Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) 22 imposes certain requirements
on Federal agencies (including the Commission) in connection with their
conducting or sponsoring any collection of information as defined by
the PRA. This proposed rulemaking would result in new collection of
information requirements within the meaning of the PRA. The Commission
therefore is submitting this proposal to the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB) for review in accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3507(d) and 5 CFR
1320.11. The title for this collection of information is “Reporting,
Recordkeeping, and Daily Trading Records Requirements for Swap Dealers
and Major Swap Participants.” An agency may not conduct or sponsor,
and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information
unless it displays a currently valid control number. The OMB has not
yet assigned this collection a control number.
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22 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.
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The collection of information under these proposed regulations is
necessary to implement certain provisions of the CEA, as amended by the
Dodd-Frank Act. Specifically, it is essential to ensuring that each
swap dealer and major swap participant maintains records of all the
activities related to its business including, but not limited to, daily
trading records and transaction reporting as required by section 4s(f)
of the Act. The recordkeeping requirement also is necessary for a
complete audit trail to conduct comprehensive and accurate trade
reconstructions. Commission staff would use the information required to
be preserved or reported when conducting the Commission’s examination
and oversight program with respect to the applicable registrants.
If the proposed regulations are adopted, responses to this
collection of information would be mandatory. The Commission will
protect proprietary information according to the Freedom of Information
Act and 17 CFR part 145, “Commission Records and Information.” In
addition, section 8(a)(1) of the CEA strictly prohibits the Commission,
unless specifically authorized by the CEA, from making public “data
and information that would separately disclose the business
transactions or market positions of any person and
[[Page 76671]]
trade secrets or names of customers.” The Commission is also required
to protect certain information contained in a government system of
records according to the Privacy Act of 1974, 5 U.S.C. 552a.
1. Information Provided by Reporting Entities/Persons
Swap dealers and major swap participants would be required to
comply with the recordkeeping requirements of Sec. Sec. 23.201,
23.202, and 23.203 and the reporting requirements of Sec. Sec. 23.204
and 23.205. The proposed regulations generally would require swap
dealers and major swap participants to keep transaction and position
records of their swaps (including daily trading records of swaps and
related cash and forward transactions); to maintain specified business
records (including records related to the swap dealer’s or major swap
participant’s governance, financial status, and complaints); to report
certain swap transaction data to swap data repositories; to satisfy
certain real time public reporting requirements; and to maintain
records of information reported to swap data repositories and for real
time public reporting purposes.
The annual burden associated with these proposed regulations is
estimated to be 2,096 hours, at an annual cost of $209,600 for each
swap dealer and major swap participant. Burden means the total time,
effort, or financial resources expended by persons to generate,
maintain, retain, disclose, or provide information to or for a federal
agency. This hourly burden primarily results from the recordkeeping
obligations that would be imposed by proposed Sec. Sec. 23.201 and
23.202.
Specifically, the Commission anticipates that swap dealers and
major swap participants will spend approximately eight hours per
trading day (2,016 hours per year) compiling and maintaining
transaction records, including daily trading records. The Commission
believes that swap dealers and major swap participants already maintain
the vast majority of the required transaction records (particularly
execution and post-execution records) as part of their customary and
usual business practices and that any additional expenditure generally
would be limited to the costs associated with developing and preserving
certain pre-execution data and communications set forth in proposed
Sec. 23.202, which currently may not be kept by affected registrants
(for example, records of oral and written communications and records
related to quotes, bids, and offers) as well as the time required to
input any unique transaction terms into electronic recordkeeping
systems. The Commission believes that registrants will expend an
additional 63 hours per year compiling daily records of their
positions, identified by product and counterparty, as required by
proposed Sec. 23.201.
The Commission estimates that each swap dealer and major swap
participant will spend 5 hours per year compiling the complaint records
required by the proposed regulations. This approximation is based on
the belief that the affected registrants primarily engage in principal
to principal transactions, which are less likely to generate complaints
than transactions conducted on an agency basis. It also assumes that
most registrants possess pre-existing complaint recordkeeping systems
and thus, any hourly burden imposed would be limited to the time
required to document and retain the specific complaint information
mandated by the rule that is not already kept. Finally, the Commission
estimates the hourly burden associated with compliance with the
marketing communication recordkeeping requirement to be approximately
12 hours per year. The Commission expects that swap dealers and market
participants presently maintain records of most of their marketing
presentations, advertisements, sales literature, and marketing
communications as part of their customary business practices and, thus,
any new hourly burden is limited to the requirement to maintain a
record of compliance with relevant marketing regulations.
The Commission believes that several aspects of the rule would not
result in any additional hourly burdens upon affected registrants. For
example, the required records of transactions executed on a swap
execution facility or designated contract market or transactions
cleared by a designated clearing organization would be the same
transaction and daily trading records accounted for previously and,
therefore, have not been assigned an extra hourly burden. The
Commission also expects that swap dealers and major swap participants
currently make and/or maintain their meeting minutes; organizational
charts; the resumes of relevant managers; records of their assets,
liabilities, income, and expenses; and other governance or financial
records in the ordinary course of their businesses.
Finally, the Commission does not anticipate that the requirements
to report swap transactions to swap data repositories in accordance
with proposed Sec. 23.204, to engage in real time public reporting of
swap transaction and pricing data in accordance with proposed Sec.
23.205, and to maintain the electronic systems and procedures necessary
to report transactions and data in the manner required by the
regulations would result in any additional hourly burdens or costs to
swap dealers and major swap participants other than those set forth in
the recently proposed part 45 regulations for swap data recordkeeping
and reporting 23 and in the recently proposed part 43 regulations
governing real-time public reporting of swap transaction data 24
promulgated as part of the Commission’s implementation of the Dodd-
Frank Act.
—————————————————————————
23 The proposed rules are available on the Commission’s Web
site at http://www.cftc.gov. The Commission has estimated the
average hour burden incurred by swap dealers and major swap
participants in connection with reporting to swap data repositories
to be 2,080 hours. This estimate was based upon the assumption that
a significant number of swap dealers and major swap participants
would dedicate the equivalent of at least one full time employee to
ensuring compliance with the relevant reporting obligations (2,080
hours = 52 weeks x 5 days x 8 hours). The Commission noted that it
believed this assumption to be reasonable due to the volume of swap
transactions to be processed by such entities, the information
required by proposed regulations and the frequency with which
reports would be made. The Commission also estimated the cost of the
obligation to report a unique swap identifier to other registered
entities and swap participants to be 6 annual burden hours per
entity and the estimated cost of reporting their ownership and
affiliation information into a confidential database to be 2 hours
per entity.
24 The Commission has estimated that swap dealers and major
swap participants will incur 2,080 annual burden hours in connection
with the real-time reporting requirements.
—————————————————————————
It is not currently known how many swap dealers and major swap
participants will become subject to these rules, and this will not be
known to the Commission until the registration requirements for these
entities become effective after July 16, 2011, the date on which the
Dodd-Frank Act becomes effective. The Commission believes that there
are likely to be approximately 200 swap dealers and 50 major swap
participants that would be required to register with the Commission. It
has chosen to take a more conservative approach for PRA purposes,
however, and has estimated that there will be a combined number of 300
swap dealers and major swap participants who will be required to comply
with the recordkeeping and reporting obligations imposed by the
proposed regulations. The Commission estimated the number of affected
entities based on industry data.
According to recent Bureau of Labor Statistics, the mean hourly
wage of an
[[Page 76672]]
employee under occupation code 11-3031, “Financial Managers,” (which
includes operations managers) that is employed by the “Securities and
Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage” industry is
$74.41.25 Because swap dealers and major swap participants include
large financial institutions whose operations management employees’
salaries may exceed the mean wage, the Commission has estimated the
cost burden of these proposed regulations based upon an average salary
of $100 per hour.
—————————————————————————
25 http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes113031.htm.
—————————————————————————
Accordingly, the estimated hour burden was calculated as follows:
Recordkeeping: Transaction Records (including Daily Trading
Records)
Number of registrants: 300.
Frequency of collection: Daily.
Estimated number of responses per registrant: 252 [252 trading
days].
Estimated aggregate number of responses: 75,600 [300 registrants x
252 trading days].
Estimated annual burden per registrant: 2,016 hours [252 trading
days x 8 hours per trading day].
Estimated aggregate annual hour burden: 604,800 hours [300
registrants x 252 trading days x 8 hours per trading day].
Recordkeeping: Position Records
Number of registrants: 300.
Frequency of collection: Daily.
Estimated number of responses per registrant: 252 [252 trading
days].
Estimated aggregate number of responses: 75,600 [300 registrants x
252 trading days].
Estimated annual burden per registrant: 63 hours [252 trading days
x .25 hours per record].
Estimated aggregate annual hour burden: 18,900 hours [300
registrants x 252 trading days x .25 hours per record].
Recordkeeping: Complaints
Number of registrants: 300.
Frequency of collection: As needed.
Estimated number of responses per registrant: 5.
Estimated aggregate number of responses: 1,500 [300 registrants x 5
complaints per registrant].
Estimated annual burden per registrant: 5.
Estimated aggregate annual hour burden: 1,500 [300 registrants x 5
complaints per registrant].
Recordkeeping: Marketing Communications
Number of registrants: 300.
Frequency of collection: As needed.
Estimated number of responses per registrant: 12 (monthly
compilation of records).
Estimated aggregate number of responses: 3,600 [300 registrants x
12 monthly compilations].
Estimated annual burden per registrant: 12 hours [1 hour x 12
months].
Estimated aggregated annual hour burden: 3,600 [300 registrants x
12 monthly compilations].
Based upon the above, the aggregate hour burden cost for all
registrants is 628,800 burden hours and $62,880,000 [628,800 x $100 per
hour].
In addition to the per hour burden discussed above, the Commission
anticipates that swap dealers and major swap participants may incur
certain start-up costs in connection with the proposed recordkeeping
obligations. Such costs would include the expenditures related to
developing and installing new technology or re-programming or updating
existing recordkeeping technology and systems to enable the swap dealer
or major swap participant to collect, capture, process, maintain, and
re-produce any newly required records. The Commission believes that
swap dealers and major swap participants generally could adapt their
current infrastructure to accommodate the new or amended technology and
thus no significant infrastructure expenditures would be needed. The
Commission estimates the programming burden hours associated with
technology improvements to be 160 hours.
According to recent Bureau of Labor Statistics, the mean hourly
wages of computer programmers under occupation code 15-1021 and
computer software engineers under program codes 15-1031 and 1032 are
between $34.10 and $44.94.26 Because swap dealers and major swap
participants generally will be large entities that may engage employees
with wages above the mean, the Commission has conservatively chosen to
use a mean hourly programming wage of $60 per hour. Accordingly, the
start-up burden associated with the required technological improvements
would be $9,600 [$60 x 160 hours] per affected registrant or $2,880,000
in the aggregate.
—————————————————————————
26 http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes113031.htm.
—————————————————————————
2. Information Collection Comments
The Commission invites the public and other federal agencies to
comment on any aspect of the recordkeeping burdens discussed above. The
Commission specifically request comment upon its determination that
certain of the proposed recordkeeping requirements would not impose any
additional information collection burdens upon affected registrants and
the appropriateness of the burden hours attributed to other
recordkeeping obligations.27 Pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(B), the
Commission solicits comments in order to: (i) Evaluate whether the
proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper
performance of the functions of the Commission, including whether the
information will have practical utility; (ii) evaluate the accuracy of
the Commission’s estimate of the burden of the proposed collection of
information; (iii) determine whether there are ways to enhance the
quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and
(iv) minimize the burden of the collection of information on those who
are to respond, including through the use of automated collection
techniques or other forms of information technology.
—————————————————————————
27 The Commission notes that, because it has not regulated
swap dealers, swap market participants, or the swaps market in the
past, it has not previously collected data on the number of
particular swap market participants or the average number of daily
transactions in which particular types of swaps market participants
engage.
—————————————————————————
Comments may be submitted directly to the Office of Information and
Regulatory Affairs, by fax at (202) 395-6566 or by e-mail at
[email protected]. Please provide the Commission with a copy
of submitted comments so that all comments can be summarized and
addressed in the final rule preamble. Refer to the ADDRESSES section of
this notice of proposed rulemaking for comment submission instructions
to the Commission. A copy of the supporting statements for the
collections of information discussed above may be obtained by visiting
RegInfo.gov. OMB is required to make a decision concerning the
collection of information between 30 and 60 days after publication of
this document in the Federal Register. Therefore, a comment is best
assured of having its full effect if OMB receives it within 30 days of
publication.
C. Cost-Benefit Analysis
Section 15(a) of the CEA 28 requires the Commission to consider
the costs and benefits of its actions before issuing a rulemaking under
the CEA. By its terms, section 15(a) does not require the Commission to
quantify the costs and benefits of a new regulation or to determine
whether the benefits of the rule outweigh its costs; rather, it
requires that the Commission “consider” the costs and benefits of its
actions.
—————————————————————————
28 7 U.S.C. 19(a).
—————————————————————————
[[Page 76673]]
Section 15(a) further specifies that costs and benefits of a
proposed rulemaking shall be evaluated in light of five broad areas of
market and public concern: (1) Protection of market participants and
the public; (2) efficiency, competitiveness, and financial integrity of
futures markets; (3) price discovery; (4) sound risk management
practices; and (5) other public interest considerations. The Commission
may, in its discretion, give greater weight to any one of the five
enumerated considerations and could, in its discretion, determine that,
notwithstanding its costs, a particular regulation was necessary or
appropriate to protect the public interest or to effectuate any of the
provisions or to accomplish any of the purposes of the CEA.
Summary of proposed requirements. The proposed regulations would
implement certain provisions of section 731 of the Dodd-Frank Act,
which adds new sections 4s(f) and 4s(g) to the Commodity Exchange Act.
The proposed regulations would set forth certain duties imposed upon
swap dealers and major swap participants registered with the Commission
with regard to recordkeeping and reporting of information and data in
connection with such entities’ activities in the swap market.
Costs. With respect to costs, the Commission has determined that
for swap dealers and major swap participants, costs to institute
recordkeeping and reporting systems and personnel in order to satisfy
the new regulatory requirements are far outweighed by the benefits to
the financial system as a whole. As described above, it is expected
that the any additional cost imposed by the recordkeeping requirements
of proposed regulations 23.201, 23.202, and 23.203 29 would be
minimal because the information and data required to be recorded is
information and data a prudent swap dealer or major swap participant
would already maintain during the ordinary course of its business.
Moreover, most swap dealers and major swap participants have adequate,
existing resources and recordkeeping structures that are capable of
adjusting to the new regulatory framework without material diversion of
resources away from commercial operations.
—————————————————————————
29 As discussed previously, the cost burdens associated with
the reporting requirements contained in proposed regulation 23.204
and 23.205 are addressed in separately proposed rulemakings.
—————————————————————————
Benefits. With respect to benefits, the Commission has determined
that the proposed regulations would require a swap dealer or major swap
participant to keep records and make reports that will result in
reduced risk and greater market integrity in the swap market. Reporting
to swap data repositories under 23.204 will provide regulators with a
more transparent view of the swap market when such data is aggregated.
Such reporting would further the goal of avoiding market disruptions
and financial losses to market participants and the general public.
Therefore, the Commission believes it is prudent to prescribe
recordkeeping and reporting requirements for swap dealers and major
swap participants.
The proposed regulations also would promote appropriate back office
data management, thereby fostering better risk management. The proposed
regulations also would reward efficiency insofar as swap dealers and
major swap participants that operate efficiently would have lower
operating costs and thus would require fewer resources to comply with
the regulations. Finally, the proposed regulations are designed to
ensure that swap dealers and major swap participants can sustain their
market operations and meet their financial obligations to market
participants, thus contributing to the integrity of the financial
markets. Therefore, the Commission believes it is prudent to require
risk management requirements for swap dealers and major swap
participants.
Public Comment. The Commission invites public comment on its cost-
benefit considerations. Commentators are also invited to submit any
data or other information that they may have quantifying or qualifying
the costs and benefits of the proposed rules with their comment
letters.
List of Subjects in 17 CFR Part 23
Antitrust, Commodity futures, Conduct standards, Conflict of
Interests, Major swap participants, Reporting and recordkeeping, Swap
dealers, Swaps.
For the reasons stated in this release, the Commission proposes to
amend 17 CFR part 23 as proposed to be added by FR Doc. 2010-29024,
published on November 23, 2010 (75 FR 71379) as follows:
PART 23–SWAP DEALERS AND MAJOR SWAP PARTICIPANTS
1. The authority citation for part 23 to read as follows:
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 1a, 2, 6, 6a, 6b, 6b-1, 6c, 6p, 6r, 6s, 6t,
9, 9a, 12, 12a, 13b, 13c, 16a, 18, 19, 21.
2. Subpart F, (consisting of Sec. Sec. 23.200, 23.201, 23.202,
23.203, 23.204 and 23.205) is added to read as follows:
Subpart F–Reporting, Recordkeeping, and Daily Trading Records
Requirements for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants
Sec.
23.200 Definitions.
23.201 Required records.
23.202 Daily trading records.
23.203 Records; retention and inspection.
23.204 Reporting to swap data repositories.
23.205 Real-time public reporting.
Subpart F–Reporting, Recordkeeping, and Daily Trading Records
Requirements for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants
Sec. 23.200 Definitions.
For purposes of subpart F, the following terms shall be defined as
provided.
(a) Business trading unit means any department, division, group, or
personnel of a swap dealer or major swap participant or any of its
affiliates, whether or not identified as such, that performs or is
involved in any pricing, trading, sales, purchasing, marketing,
advertising, solicitation, structuring, or brokerage activities on
behalf of a registrant.
(b) Clearing unit means any department, division, group, or
personnel of a registrant or any of its affiliates, whether or not
identified as such, that performs any proprietary or customer clearing
activities on behalf of a registrant.
(c) Complaint means any formal or informal complaint, grievance,
criticism, or concern communicated to the swap dealer or major swap
participant in any format relating to, arising from, or in connection
with, any trading conduct or behavior or with the swap dealer or major
swap participant’s performance (or failure to perform) any of its
regulatory obligations, and includes any and all observations,
comments, remarks, interpretations, clarifications, notes, and
examinations as to such conduct or behavior communicated or documented
by the complainant, swap dealer, or major swap participant.
(d) Counterparty means any party to a derivative. When referring to
a derivative between a swap dealer or major swap participant and any
other person, “counterparty” means such other person.
(e) Executed means the completion of the execution process.
(f) Execution means, with respect to a swap, an agreement by the
parties (whether orally, in writing,
[[Page 76674]]
electronically, or otherwise) to the terms of a swap that legally binds
the parties to such swap terms under applicable law.
(g) Governing body typically means, with respect to:
(1) A sole proprietorship, the proprietor;
(2) A corporation, its board of directors;
(3) A partnership, any general partner;
(4) A limited liability company or limited liability partnership,
the manager, managing member or those members vested with management
authority; and
(5) Any other person, the body or person with ultimate decision-
making authority over the activities of such person.
(h) Prudential regulator has the meaning given to such term in
section 1a(39) of the Commodity Exchange Act and includes the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Office of the Comptroller
of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Farm
Credit Association, and the Federal Housing Finance Agency, as
applicable to the swap dealer or major swap participant. The term also
includes the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, with respect to any
financial company as defined in section 201 of the Dodd-Frank Wall
Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act or any insured depository
institution under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, and with respect
to each affiliate of any such company or institution.
(i) Registered entity has the meaning given to such term in section
1a(40) of the Commodity Exchange Act, and includes boards of trade
designated as contract markets, derivatives clearing organizations,
swap execution facilities, and swap data repositories.
(j) Related cash or forward transaction means a purchase or sale
for immediate or deferred physical shipment or delivery of an asset
related to a swap where the swap and the related cash or forward
transaction are used to hedge, mitigate the risk of, or offset one
another.
(k) Swap confirmation means the consummation (electronically or
otherwise) of legally binding documentation (electronic or otherwise)
that memorializes the agreement of the parties to all the terms of the
swap. A confirmation must be in writing (whether electronic or
otherwise) and must legally supersede any previous agreement
(electronically or otherwise).
Sec. 23.201 Required records.
(a) Transaction and position records. Each swap dealer and major
swap participant shall keep full, complete, and systematic records,
together with all pertinent data and memoranda, of all its swaps
activities. Such records shall include:
(1) Transaction records. Records of each transaction, including all
documents on which transaction information is originally recorded. Such
records shall be kept in a form and manner identifiable and searchable
by transaction and by counterparty, and shall include:
(i) All documents customarily generated in accordance with market
practice that demonstrate the existence and nature of an order or
transaction, including, but not limited to, records of all orders
(filled, unfilled, or cancelled); correspondence; journals; memoranda;
ledgers; confirmations; risk disclosure documents; statements of
purchase and sale; contracts; invoices; warehouse receipts; documents
of title; and
(ii) The daily trading records required to be kept in accordance
with Sec. 23.202.
(2) Position records. Records of each position held by each swap
dealer and major swap participant, identified by product and
counterparty, including records reflecting whether each position is
“long” or “short” and whether the position is cleared. Position
records shall be linked to transaction records in a manner that permits
identification of the transactions that established the position.
(3) Records of transactions executed on a swap execution facility
or designated contract market or cleared by a derivatives clearing
organization. Records of each transaction executed on a swap execution
facility or designated contract market or cleared by a derivatives
clearing organization maintained in compliance with the Act and
Commission regulations.
(b) Business records. Each swap dealer and major swap participant
shall keep full, complete, and systematic records of all activities
related to its business as a swap dealer or major swap participant,
including but not limited to:
(1) Governance.
(i) Minutes of meetings of the governing body and relevant
committee minutes, including handouts and presentation materials;
(ii) Organizational charts for its governing body and relevant
committees, business trading unit, clearing unit, risk management unit,
and all other relevant units or divisions;
(iii) Biographies or resumes of managers, senior supervisors,
officers, and directors;
(iv) Job descriptions for manager, senior supervisor, officer, and
director positions, including job responsibilities and scope of
authority;
(v) Internal and external audit, risk management, compliance, and
consultant reports (including management responses); and
(vi) Business and strategic plans for the business trading unit.
(2) Financial records.
(i) Records reflecting all assets and liabilities, income and
expenses, and capital accounts as required by the Act and Commission
regulations; and
(ii) All other financial records required to be kept under the Act
and Commission regulations.
(3) Complaints.
(i) A record of each complaint received by the swap dealer or major
swap participant concerning any partner, member, officer, employee, or
agent. The record shall include the complainant’s name, address, and
account number; the date the complaint was received; the name of all
persons identified in the complaint; a description of the nature of the
complaint; the disposition of the complaint, and the date the complaint
was resolved.
(ii) A record indicating that each counterparty of the swap dealer
or major swap participant has been provided with a notice containing
the physical address, email or other widely available electronic
address, and telephone number of the department of the swap dealer or
major swap participant to which any complaints may be directed.
(4) Marketing and sales materials. All marketing and sales
presentations, advertisements, literature, and communications, and a
record documenting that the swap dealer or major swap participant has
complied with, or adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed
to establish compliance with, all applicable federal requirements,
Commission regulations, and the rules of any self-regulatory
organization of which the swap dealer or major swap participant is a
member.
(c) Records of data reported to a swap data repository. With
respect to each swap, each swap dealer and major swap participant shall
identify, retain, and produce for inspection all information and data
required to be reported in accordance with part 45 of this chapter,
along with a record of the date and time the swap dealer or major swap
participant made the report.
(d) Records of real-time reporting data.
(1) Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall identify,
retain, and produce for inspection all information and data required to
be reported in
[[Page 76675]]
accordance with part 43 of this chapter, along with a record of the
date and time the swap dealer or major swap participant made the
report.
(2) When the swap dealer or major swap participant reports a less
specific data field in accordance with part 43 of this chapter in order
to protect the anonymity of the participants to such swap as permitted
under part 43 of this chapter, the record shall contain the rationale
for reporting a less specific data field.
(3) Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall identify and
retain a record of any determination that any swap is a block trade or
large notional swap, as defined in part 43 of this chapter. When the
swap dealer or major swap participant enters into such a swap, the
record shall contain the rationale for determining that the swap is a
large notional swap, in accordance with part 43 of this chapter.
Sec. 23.202 Daily trading records.
(a) Daily trading records for swaps. Each swap dealer and major
swap participant shall make and keep daily trading records of all swaps
it executes, including all documents on which transaction information
is originally recorded. Each swap dealer and major swap participant
shall ensure that its records include all information necessary to
conduct a comprehensive and accurate trade reconstruction for each
swap. Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall maintain each
transaction record as a separate electronic file identifiable and
searchable by transaction and counterparty.
(1) Pre-execution trade information. Each swap dealer and major
swap participant shall make and keep pre-execution trade information,
including, at a minimum, records of all oral and written communications
provided or received concerning quotes, solicitations, bids, offers,
instructions, trading, and prices, that lead to the execution of a
swap, whether communicated by telephone, voicemail, facsimile, instant
messaging, chat rooms, electronic mail, mobile device or other digital
or electronic media. Such records shall include, but are not limited
to:
(i) Reliable timing data for the initiation of the trade that would
permit complete and accurate trade reconstruction; and
(ii) A record of the date and time, to the nearest minute, using
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), by timestamp or other timing device,
for each quotation provided to, or received from, the counterparty
prior to execution.
(2) Execution trade information. Each swap dealer and major swap
participant shall make and keep trade execution records, including:
(i) All terms of each swap, including all terms regarding payment
or settlement instructions, initial and variation margin requirements,
option premiums, payment dates, and any other cash flows;
(ii) The trade ticket for each swap (which, together with the time
of execution of each swap, shall be immediately recorded electronically
for further processing);
(iii) The unique swap identifier, as required by Sec. 45.4(a) of
this chapter, for each swap;
(iv) A record of the date and time of execution of each swap, to
the nearest minute, using Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), by
timestamp or other timing device;
(v) The name of the counterparty with which each such swap was
executed, including its unique counterparty identifier, as required by
Sec. 45.4(b) of this chapter;
(vi) The date and title of the agreement to which each swap is
subject, including but not limited to, any master swap netting
agreement or swap credit support agreement;
(vii) The product name of each swap, including its unique product
identifier, as required by Sec. 45.4(c) of this chapter;
(viii) The price at which the swap was executed;
(ix) Fees or commissions and other expenses, identified by
transaction; and
(x) Any other information relevant to the swap.
(3) Post-execution trade information. Each swap dealer and major
swap participant shall make and keep records of post-execution trade
information containing an itemized record of all relevant post-trade
processing and events.
(i) Records of post-trade processing and events shall include all
of the following, as applicable:
(A) Confirmation;
(B) Termination;
(C) Novation;
(D) Amendment;
(E) Assignment;
(F) Netting;
(G) Compression;
(H) Reconciliation;
(I) Valuation;
(J) Margining;
(K) Collateralization; and
(L) Central clearing.
(ii) Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall make and
keep a record of all swap confirmations, along with the date and time,
to the nearest minute, using Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), by
timestamp or other timing device; and
(iii) Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall make and
keep a record of each swap portfolio reconciliation, including the
number of portfolio reconciliation discrepancies and the number of swap
valuation disputes (including the time-to-resolution of each valuation
dispute and the age of outstanding valuation disputes, categorized by
transaction and counterparty);
(iv) Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall make and
keep a record of each swap portfolio compression exercise in which it
participates, including the dates of the compression, the swaps
included in the compression, the identity of the counterparties
participating in the exercise, the results of the compression, and the
name of the third-party entity performing the compression, if any; and
(v) Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall make and keep
a record of each swap that it centrally clears, categorized by
transaction and counterparty.
(4) Ledgers. Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall make
and keep ledgers (or other records) reflecting the following:
(i) Payments and interest received;
(ii) Moneys borrowed and moneys loaned;
(iii) The daily calculation of the value of each outstanding swap;
(iv) The daily calculation of current and potential future exposure
for each counterparty;
(v) The daily calculation of initial margin to be posted by the
swap dealer or major swap participant for each counterparty and the
daily calculation of initial margin to be posted by each counterparty;
(vi) The daily calculation of variation margin payable to or
receivable from each counterparty;
(vii) The daily calculation of the value of all collateral, before
and after haircuts, held by or posted by the swap dealer or major swap
participant;
(viii) All transfers of collateral, including any substitutions of
collateral, identifying in sufficient detail the amounts and types of
collateral transferred; and
(ix) All charges against and credits to each counterparty’s
account, including funds deposited, withdrawn, or transferred, and
charges or credits resulting from losses or gains on transactions.
(b) Daily trading records for related cash and forward
transactions. Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall make
and keep daily trading
[[Page 76676]]
records of all related cash or forward transactions it executes,
including all documents on which the related cash or forward
transaction information is originally recorded. Each swap dealer and
major swap participant shall ensure that its records include all
information necessary to conduct a comprehensive and accurate trade
reconstruction for each related cash or forward transaction. Each swap
dealer and major swap participant shall maintain each transaction
record as a separate electronic file identifiable and searchable by
transaction and by counterparty. Such records shall include, but are
not limited to:
(1) A record of all oral and written communications provided or
received concerning quotes, solicitations, bids, offers, instructions,
trading, and prices, that lead to the conclusion of a related cash or
forward transaction, whether communicated by telephone, voicemail,
facsimile, instant messaging, chat rooms, electronic mail, mobile
device or other digital or electronic media;
(2) Reliable timing data for the initiation of the transaction that
would permit complete and accurate trade reconstruction;
(3) A record of the date and time, to the nearest minute, using
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), by timestamp or other timing device,
for each quotation provided to, or received from, the counterparty
prior to execution;
(4) A record of the date and time of execution of each related cash
or forward transaction, to the nearest minute, using Coordinated
Universal Time (UTC), by timestamp or other timing device;
(5) All terms of each related cash or forward transaction;
(6) The price at which the related cash or forward transaction was
executed; and
(7) A record of the daily calculation of the value of the related
cash or forward transaction and any other relevant financial
information.
Sec. 23.203 Records; retention and inspection.
(a) Location of records. (1) All records required to be kept by a
swap dealer or major swap participant by the Act and by Commission
regulations shall be kept at the principal place of business of the
swap dealer or major swap participant or such other principal office as
shall be designated by the swap dealer or major swap participant. If
the principal place of business is outside of the United States, its
territories or possessions, then upon the request of a Commission
representative, the swap dealer or major swap participant must provide
such records as requested at the place in the United States, its
territories, or possessions designated by the representative within 72
hours after receiving the request.
(2) Contact information. Each swap dealer and major swap
participant shall maintain for each of its offices a listing, by name
or title, of each person at that office who, without delay, can explain
the types of records the swap dealer or major swap participant
maintains at that office and the information contained in those
records.
(b) Record retention. (1) The records required to be maintained by
this chapter shall be maintained in accordance with the provisions of
Sec. 1.31, except as provided in paragraphs (b)(2) and (3) of this
section. All records required to be kept by the Act and by Commission
regulations shall be kept for a period of five years from the date the
record was made and shall be readily accessible during the first two
(2) years of the five-year period. All such records shall be open to
inspection by any representative of the Commission, the United States
Department of Justice, or any applicable prudential regulator. Records
relating to swaps defined in section 1a(47)(A)(v) shall be open to
inspection by any representative of the Commission, the United States
Department of Justice, the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any
applicable prudential regulator.
(2) Records of any swap or related cash or forward transaction
shall be kept until the termination, maturity, expiration, transfer,
assignment, or novation date of the transaction, and for a period of
five years after such date. Such records shall be readily accessible
until the termination, maturity, expiration, transfer, assignment, or
novation date of the transaction and during the first two years of the
5-year period following such date. All such records shall be open to
inspection by any representative of the Commission, the United States
Department of Justice, or any applicable prudential regulator. Records
relating to swaps defined in section 1a(47)(A)(v) shall be open to
inspection by any representative of the Commission, the United States
Department of Justice, the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any
applicable prudential regulator.
(3) Records of any swap data reported in accordance with part 45 of
this chapter shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements of
Sec. 45.2 of this chapter.
Sec. 23.204 Reports to swap data repositories.
(a) Reporting of swap transaction data to swap data repositories.
Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall report all
information and data in accordance with part 45 of this chapter.
(b) Electronic reporting of swap transaction data. Each swap dealer
and major swap participant shall have the electronic systems and
procedures necessary to transmit electronically all information and
data required to be reported in accordance with part 45 of this
chapter.
Sec. 23.205 Real-time public reporting.
(a) Real-time public reporting of swap transaction and pricing
data. Each swap dealer and major swap participant shall report all
information and swap transaction and pricing data required to be
reported in accordance with the real-time public recording requirements
in part 43 of this chapter.
(b) Electronic reporting of swap transaction data. Each swap dealer
and major swap participant shall have the electronic systems and
procedures necessary to transmit electronically all information and
data required to be reported in accordance with part 43 of this
chapter.
Issued in Washington, DC, on December 1, 2010, by the
Commission.
David A. Stawick,
Secretary of the Commission.
Appendices to Reporting, Recordkeeping, and Daily Trading Records
Requirements for Swap Dealers and Major Swap Participants–Commission
Voting Summary and Statements of Commissioners
Note: The following appendices will not appear in the Code of
Federal Regulations.
Appendix 1–Commission Voting Summary
On this matter, Chairman Gensler and Commissioners Dunn,
Sommers, Chilton and O’Malia voted in the affirmative.
Appendix 2–Statement of Chairman Gary Gensler
I support the proposed rule regarding reporting, recordkeeping
and daily trading records for swap dealers and major swap
participants. The rule establishes the records to be maintained by
swap dealers and major swap participants and the required reporting
by such entities. This proposal will help increase transparency and
promote market integrity. The proposed rules are consistent with the
Congressional requirement that swap dealers and major swap
participants
[[Page 76677]]
comply with rigorous recordkeeping and real-time reporting regimes.
[FR Doc. 2010-30884 Filed 12-8-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6351-01-P
Last Updated: December 9, 2010
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